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A comprehensive overview of critical thinking, information literacy, and evidence-based practice (ebp) in nursing. It explores key concepts such as information literacy, critical inquiry, and research methodology, emphasizing their importance in informed decision-making and patient care. The document also delves into research methods, including quantitative and qualitative approaches, and discusses the role of knowledge translation and quality improvement in advancing nursing practice.
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Critical Thinking and Evidence Informed Practice
Information Literacy✔✔A set of abilities that enables an individual to acquire, evaluate, and use information. It is a learning process of being able to identify, understand, synthesize and apply knowledge.
6 Concepts of Information Literacy✔✔
Authority is constructed and contextual✔✔- Information resources reflect their creator's expertise and credibility
Information creation as a process✔✔- Information as a message shared via varying delivery methods
Information has value✔✔- A commodity (information can be sold), means of education, means to influence, and means of negotiating and understanding the world
Research as inquiry✔✔- Research is iterative and depends upon asking increasingly complex or new questions whose answers in turn develop additional questions or lines of inquiry in any field.
Scholarship as conversation✔✔- Communities of scholars/researchers/professionals engage in sustained discourse with new insights
Searching as strategic exploration✔✔- Searching for information is often nonlinear and iterative, requiring the evaluation of a range of information sources and the mental flexibility to pursue alternate avenues as new understanding develops.
5 components of Information literacy✔✔
Critical Thinking (Purposive thinking) ✔✔A process where different information is gathered, sifted, synthesized, and evaluated in order to understand a subject or issue. It engages our intellect as well as our emotions, perceptions, beliefs and biases on a subject. It involves purposeful thinking.
Purposeful thinking✔✔Using critical thinking to systematically and habitually apply criteria and intellectual standards to the thinking for a specific purpose
Critical Inquiry✔✔Encompasses critical reflection on actions. Process of purposeful thinking and reflective reasoning where HCPs examine ideas and assumptions, principals, beliefs, and actions in the context of nursing practice. It is the practice of asking questions about clinical practice.
Relationship between Critical thinking, Critical Inquiry, Information Literacy and EBP nursing practice? ✔✔Nursing is a knowledge based profession. Understanding information and how it is used in professional practice is key to EBP.
Research problem✔✔Specific knowledge that is being sought that addresses a gap or contraindication in current knowledge within a specific topic area that a researcher believes is important and aims to address
topic. Must be comprehensive and as complete as possible and provide an analysis of what is currently known about a current topic and what may be missing.
Types of Search Strategies✔✔
Ancestry approach✔✔Using the bibliography of a recent relevant reference to find earlier related studies "Footnote chasing"
Descendancy approach✔✔Use a pivotal early study in citation indexes to find later studies that cite the pivotal study
Electronic Search✔✔Use of keywords or phrases to capture concepts. These do not have to be the same as the subject heading. Mapping - ft that allows you to search for topics using your own keywords Quan - keywords are the ind/dep variable and population. (I and O of PICO) Qual - keywords are the central phenomenon and population
Boolean Operators✔✔Ft that can expand/ limit or combine a search
Truncation Symbols - Wildcard Characters✔✔Can be used to extend a search on multiple words with the same root. (an asterisk * is often used)
Quotation marks - would yield the exact phrase to appear in the text field.
After identifying relevant citations the references must be? ✔✔Screened - For relevance
Documented - Make notes of which databases and keywords were used to find the citation
Abstracted and recorded - Take key pieces of information and put them into a table using a protocol - coding the characteristics of each study into a system
Evaluating and Analyzing - the evidence across the studies to find common themes/ patterns
Knowledge✔✔Knowing that can be communicated to others
5 Ways of Knowing✔✔
Quantitative Research Descriptions✔✔- Tests a hypothesis
Qualitative Research Description✔✔- Dynamic design
Positivist Paradigm✔✔Reality exists: there is a real world driven by natural causes.
Phase 5: Dissemination (communicate findings)
Qualitative Research Methods✔✔- Planning that study (research problem)
Evidence Hierarchy✔✔Aa model showing how evidence can be categorized from strong to weak
Level 1: Systematic literature review Level 2: Depends on type of question asked Level 3: Expert opinion/case reports
Belmont Report (1979) ✔✔Summarizes the basic ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research.
Code of Ethics✔✔A formal statement of ethical principles and rules of conduct
Concern for Welfare (beneficence) ✔✔- Right to freedom from harm and discomfort (minimize risks)
Respect for persons✔✔- Right to self-determination (autonomous and free choice)
Justice✔✔- Right to fair treatment (fair and equitable distribution of benefits and burdens)
Classes of Quantitative Research✔✔- Experimental Research (clinical trials)
Classes of Qualitative Research✔✔- Grounded theory (describes key social processes)