Concept of Exclusion and Inclusion, Slides of Educational Psychology

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Concept of

Social

Exclusion and

Inclusion

1. Social Inclusion

2. Disability and Exclusion

3. Stages of Exclusion

Social inclusion is the process of

improving the terms on which individuals

and groups take part in society—improving

the ability, opportunity, and dignity of those

disadvantaged on the basis of their identity.

Michael F. Giangreco (1997)- Inclusive education is a set of values principles and practices that seeks more effective and meaningful education for all students, regardless of whether they have exceptionality labels or not.

Types or Models of Inclusion

1. Model of full Inclusion- Includes all students, regardless of their exceptionality/ disability or normality conditions in a regular classroom/ programmed of the school on

Types or Models of Inclusion

2. Model of partial Inclusion- In practical sense, attempts are made to seek such integration that may work well in prevailing situation and needs of the disabled as well as non disabled

Social inclusion results from a process of;

• (^) Ensuring people have equal access to the benefits and services enjoyed by other members of the community in order that they are not excluded.
• (^) Supporting people in accessing resources and developing capacity in building skills so they may remain connected to the community in difficult times.
• (^) Ensuring individuals can identify their needs, give feedback on their environment, influence and even take charge of their futures. This includes influencing decision makers on how services should be designed and provided to them.

Need and Importance of Inclusive Education;

• (^) Human rights- All children have the right to learn together.
• (^) Education- Research shows children do better, academically and socially in inclusive settings.
• (^) Social- All children develop relationships with variety of people around them and this prepares them for life in the mainstream. Inclusion has the potential to reduce fear and build friendship.
• (^) Psychological- It encourages children to stay with their families and communities. The school atmosphere can improve to the benefit of all the learners.

“Disability and Exclusion”

Disability

According to the Department of Health

(DOH) Disability is defined as any physical,

sensory, intellectual, or mental impairment

or condition that substantially limits one or

more major life activities. Disabilities can

vary widely in nature and severity, and they

may be temporary or permanent. This can

affect person’s mobility, communication,

self-care, and ability to participate fully in

society.

In the context of health experience a disability is any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity. It is a result of how the impairment interacts with environment. Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiology or anatomical structure or function. It is occur at the level of organ or system function. Disability is concerned with functional performance or activity, affecting the whole person. Disability Impairment The Internal Classification of Impairments, and Disabilities, (ICID) provides conceptual framework for disability which is described in 2 dimensions.

Disabled Persons are those suffering from restriction of different abilities, as a result of a mental, physical or sensory impairment, to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for human being.

• RA. 7277

Disability and Exclusion

• (^) Attitudes
• (^) Physical Barriers
• (^) Curriculum
• (^) Teachers
• (^) Funding

STAGES OF EXCLUSION