Download CNSL 503 / CNSL503 Modules 1-8 & Final Exams: (NEW 2025/ 2026 Update)- Portage Learning and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
CNSL l 503 l / l CNSL503 l Modules l 1 - 8 l & l
Final l Exams: l (NEW l 2025/ l 2026 l Update) l
Statistics l | l Questions l & l Answers| l Grade l
A| l 100% l Correct l (Verified l Solutions)- l
Portage l Learning
QUESTION
Categorizingl thel sportsl offeredl byl schooll districtsl inl yourl statel wouldl bel anl examplel ofl ______________l a(n)l scalel ofl measurement. 1 l nominal 2 l ordinal 3 l ratio 4 l interval Answer: 1 l nominal nominall becausel thel measurementl "names"l orl "categorizes"l thel typesl ofl sports.
QUESTION
A(n)l _____________l scalel ofl measurel mayl includel variablesl suchl asl height,l weight,l reactionl time,l orl gallonsl ofl gasl inl al tank. 1 l nominal
2 l ordinal 3 l ratio 4 l interval Answer: 3 l ratio ratiol becausel youl canl measurel thel distancel froml anl absolutel zero
QUESTION
A(n)l _______________l scalel ofl measurel mayl includel variablesl suchl asl temperaturel andl averagel rainfall. 1 l nominal 2 l ordinal 3 l ratio 4 l interval Answer: 4 l interval
QUESTION
Definel eachl ofl thel 4 l scalesl ofl measurementl andl providel anl examplel ofl each. Answer: "NOIR
"Al populationl isl everyl singlel personl regardingl al category.l Anl examplel isl thel entirel votingl populationl inl thel U.S.l Al samplel isl al portionl orl al subsetl ofl thatl population,l oftenl smallerl inl size.l Anl examplel ofl thisl isl votersl inl Sanl Francisco,l CA.l Itl isl notl realisticl tol interviewl everyl singlel voterl inl thel populationl andl wouldl bel veryl time-consuming.l Usingl statistics,l anl inferencel canl bel madel aboutl thel populationl byl surveyingl al randoml samplel ofl thel populationl andl analyzingl thel data. "Al populationl includesl everyl memberl withinl al particularl group,l whereasl al samplel isl al smallerl subsetl ofl al givenl population.
QUESTION
Howl dol researchersl usel samplesl tol makel inferencesl aboutl al population? Answer: First,l thel researcherl needsl tol identifyl al goal,l forl example,l "Howl longl doesl onel needl tol practicel forl al U.S.l driverl tol passl thel DMVl drivingl test?"l Then,l theyl needl tol identifyl thel population,l inl thisl case,l driversl takingl thel driversl test.l After,l theyl needl tol choosel al representativel sample,l say,l 10,000l driversl takingl theirl DMVl drivingl testl randomlyl selectedl froml alll overl thel U.S.l Theyl wouldl thenl collectl datal andl surveyl thatl samplel howl muchl timel theyl practicedl drivingl andl thenl summarizel thel data. Basedl onl thel datal gatheredl froml thisl sample,l researchersl canl thenl usel statisticsl tol makel predictionsl aboutl thel populationl asl al whole.
QUESTION
Whichl statisticall methodl involvesl thel usel ofl samplel datal tol makel predictionsl aboutl thel populationl inl whichl thel samplel belongs? 1 l descriptivel statistics
2 l samplel statistics 3 l cause-effectl statistics 4 l inferentiall statistics Answer: 4 l inferentiall statistics
QUESTION
Youl samplel thel heightsl ofl alll femalesl onl al swiml team.l Youl summarizel thel datal byl calculatingl thel mean,l median,l mode,l andl range.l Whatl typel ofl statisticall methodl isl used? 1 l descriptivel statistics 2 l samplel statistics 3 l cause-effectl statistics 4 l inferentiall statistics Answer: 1 l descriptivel statistics
QUESTION
Discussl thel differencesl betweenl descriptivel andl inferentiall statistics. Answer: Descriptivel statisticsl includel analyzingl andl summarizingl datal oftenl withl al mean,l median,l mode,l range,l variance,l andl standardl deviation.
Answer: "Itl isl importantl tol understandl statistics,l becausel youl shouldl knowl howl tol criticallyl evaluatel healthl claims.l Forl examplel ifl anl adl saysl "9l outl ofl 10 l dermatologistsl recommendl thisl sunscreen,"l butl thel totall dermatologistl samplel sizel wasl 10,l thisl mayl bel misleadingl andl notl trulyl representativel ofl alll dermatologists.l Byl understandingl critics,l wel havel al criticall eye. Similarly,l itl isl importantl tol havel ethicall conductl whenl completingl statisticall methods,l becausel statisticsl arel oftenl usedl tol validatel healthl claims.l Byl falsifyingl datal youl mayl makel falsel claimsl andl spreadl fakel statistics,l whichl canl misleadl othersl andl potentiallyl causel injuryl orl harm. "Itl isl veryl importantl thatl wel arel equippedl tol criticallyl evaluatel claimsl thatl wel encounterl froml anyl sourcel eachl dayl sol thatl wel arel ablel tol makel responsiblel decisions.l Byl understandingl thel properl waysl statisticsl canl bel usedl andl thel strengthsl andl limitationsl ofl thesel techniques,l wel willl bel muchl betterl ablel tol detectl falsel orl inaccuratel claimsl andl acceptl claimsl withl adequatel empiricall support.
QUESTION
Selectl alll statementsl thatl arel truel aboutl statistics. 1 l Statisticsl arel usedl tol organizel andl summarizel data. 2Statisticsl arel usedl tol interpretl information. 3 l Statisticsl allowl inferencesl tol bel drawnl aboutl al samplel group. 4 l Statisticsl mustl bel handledl responsibly. Answer: 1,2,
QUESTION
Whatl arel statistics? Answer: Statisticsl isl thel mathematicall fieldl thatl helpsl usl organize,l describe,l andl interpretl informationl orl data.l Oftenl includedl arel mathematicall formulasl andl calculationsl tol helpl betterl understandl largel setsl ofl information.
QUESTION
Namel 3 l reasonsl whyl statisticsl arel important. Answer: 1.l Statisticsl allowl datal tol bel describedl andl communicatedl concisely.l Forl example,l itl isl notl feasiblel forl anl instructorl tol reportl alll 35 l examl scoresl forl feedback.l Instead,l thel instructorl canl providel anl averagel sol thel studentl canl havel anl ideal ofl howl welll hel orl shel did. 2.l Statisticsl allowl usl tol drawl inferencesl aboutl data,l especiallyl inl science.l Anl examplel isl thatl researchersl canl studyl peoplel withl depressionl andl thel effectl ofl medicationl byl takingl al samplel ofl sayl 1,000l peoplel withl depressionl sincel itl isl unrealisticl tol interviewl everyl singlel personl withl depression.l Furtherl statisticall methodsl canl leadl tol anl inferencel aboutl whetherl thisl medicationl isl effectivel atl treatingl depression. 3.l Statisticsl givel usl thel toolsl tol makel everydayl decisions.l Asl al consumerl ofl productsl andl information,l anl understandingl ofl statisticsl allowsl usl tol criticallyl evaluatel informationl presentedl tol usl andl makel responsiblel decisions.l Thisl helpsl usl avoidl fallingl tol falsel informationl andl fakel news.
QUESTION
qualitativel variables
e.g.l temperature,l height,l weight,l TIME
QUESTION
Thel numberl ofl hoursl thatl al collegel studentl studiesl forl finall examsl isl al quantitativel variable.l Whichl statementl belowl justifiesl thisl variablel type? 1 l Thel numberl ofl hoursl isl al countl ofl usingl wholel numbers. 2 l Thel numberl ofl hoursl isl al labell orl category. 3 l Thel numberl ofl hoursl isl numericl andl canl bel expressedl asl al decimall orl fractionl ofl al wholel number. 4 l Thel numberl ofl hoursl al studentl studiesl isl al characteristicl ofl thel student. Answer: 3=l quantiative
2=l qualitative 1=l discrete
QUESTION
Describel thel differencesl betweenl qualitativel andl quantitativel data.l Providel anl examplel ofl each. Answer: Quantitativel datal includesl variablesl involvingl numbersl thatl isl measuredl asl fractionsl orl countedl asl wholel numbers.l Onel examplel ofl al quantitativel variablel isl weightl inl kg,l withl anl examplel datuml ofl weightl ofl 58.5l kg.
Inl contrast,l qualitativel datal doesl notl involvel measuringl orl countingl numbers,l butl ratherl involvesl labels,l names,l andl categories.l Examplesl ofl qualitativel datal includel eyel colorl ofl green,l femalel gender,l agnosticl religion,l andl thel presencel ofl cancer.
QUESTION
Whatl arel discretel variables?l Continuousl variables?l Bel ablel tol providel anl examplel ofl each. Answer: Quantitativel variablesl canl bel eitherl discretel orl continuous. Discretel variablesl canl bel organizedl intol separatel categoriesl orl countedl usingl wholel numbers.l Qualitativel variablesl arel discretel variables.l Examplesl ofl discretel variablesl includel religionl andl numberl ofl peoplel inl al classroom. Continuousl variablesl canl bel brokenl downl intol fractionsl orl decimall components.l Examplesl ofl continuousl variablesl includel height,l weight,l andl temperature.
QUESTION
Describel thel importantl variablesl involvedl inl anl experimentall study. Answer: Thel importantl variablesl involvedl inl anl experimentall studyl arel thel independentl variable,l thel dependentl variable,l controll variables,l andl extraneousl variables.
onl thel samel diet.l Lastly,l thel eyel sightl ofl thel dogsl mayl affectl weightl gain,l becausel dogsl whol cannotl seel mayl havel difficultyl eating,l inl turn,l eatingl lessl andl makingl theml losel weight. 3.l Itl isl importantl tol identifyl extraneousl variablesl inl anl experimentall studyl ,l becausel Extraneousl variablesl mayl havel anl effectl onl thel dependentl variablel andl couldl skewl thel resultsl ofl anl experiment.
QUESTION
Whyl isl itl importantl thatl extraneousl variablesl bel takenl intol accountl inl anl experimentall study? Answer: Itl isl importantl tol identifyl extraneousl variablesl inl anl experimentall study,l becausel Extraneousl variablesl mayl havel anl effectl onl thel dependentl variablel andl couldl skewl thel resultsl ofl anl experiment.
QUESTION
Rankingl soccerl teamsl asl elite,l platinum,l gold,l andl silverl wouldl bel anl examplel ofl ______a(n)l scalel ofl measurement. 1 l nominal 2 l ordinal 3 l ratio 4 l interval Answer: 2 l ordinal ordinall becausel thel teamsl arel rankedl byl sizel orl magnitude
QUESTION
Selectl alll itemsl belowl thatl representl qualitativel variables. 1 l numberl ofl floorsl inl al skyscraper 2 l modell ofl car 3 l zipl code 4 l shoel size Answer: 1,l 2,l 3,l 4
CNSL l 503 l / l CNSL503 l Module l 2: l (NEW l
2025/ l 2026 l Update) l Statistics l | l Questions l
& l Answers| l Grade l A| l 100% l Correct l
(Verified l Solutions)- l Portage l Learning
QUESTION
Identifyl eachl measurel thatl isl affectedl byl outliers.l Selectl alll thatl apply. Mean Median Mode
Inl positivelyl skewedl data,l thel mode<median<mean.l Thel medianl isl 36,l sol thel meanl mustl bel greaterl thanl 36.
QUESTION
Forl al negativelyl skewedl distributionl withl al meanl ofl 45 l andl al model ofl 53,l whatl valuel couldl bel thel median? Answer: betweenl 45 l andl 53 Inl negativelyl skewedl data,l thel mean<median<mode;l therefore,l 45<median<53.
QUESTION
Whichl ofl thel datasetsl belowl hasl thel largestl variance? Al 1,l 3,l 4,l 7,l 18 l Bl 20,l 22,l 23,l 24,l 25 Cl 8,l 8,l 8,l 8 Dl 13,l 15,l 16,l 18 Answer: A Datasetl Al hasl thel largestl range;l therefore,l therel isl morel variabilityl inl A.l Noticel thatl therel isl nol variabilityl inl Datasetl C.
QUESTION
Calculatel thel variancel forl thel dataset:l 1,l 4,l 7. Al 6 l Bl 9 l Cl 18 l Dl 11 Answer: 1+4+7=l 12/ mean=l 4 suml ofl squares=l (1-4)^2l +l (7-4)^2=l 18 degreesl ofl freedom=l 3 - 1= variance=l suml ofl squares/l degreesl ofl freedom variance=l 18/l (3-1)=l 18/2=l 9
QUESTION
Thel datasetl froml yourl researchl hasl al meanl ofl 72.8l andl al standardl deviationl ofl 2.6l forl al samplel ofl participants.l Howl shouldl youl reportl thel samplel meanl andl standardl deviationl inl al researchl journal?
Monday-l 52 - l 52/400=13%
QUESTION
Youl plotl thel examl scoresl usingl al histogram.l Ifl thel barsl ofl thel histograml increasel froml leftl tol right,l whatl conclusionl canl bel made? 1 l Therel arel morel lowl scoresl thanl highl scores. 2 l Therel arel morel highl scoresl thanl lowl scores. 3 l Testl scoresl improvel overl time. 4 l Thel greaterl thel studyl time,l thel higherl thel testl score. Answer: 2 Thel examl scoresl arel plottedl alongl thel horizontall axisl andl thel frequencyl ofl eachl groupl ofl scoresl isl plottedl alongl thel verticall axis.l Ifl thel heightl (frequency)l increasesl asl youl gol froml leftl tol right,l thel lowl scoresl onl thel leftl havel al smallerl frequencyl thanl thel highl examl scoresl onl thel right.
QUESTION
Supposel youl gatheredl datal forl thel moneyl spentl ($l millions)l overl al 100 - l yearl periodl inl fivel differentl geographicl regionsl ofl thel Unitedl States.l Whatl graphl wouldl bestl displayl yourl findings? Answer:
Three-dimensionall graphsl arel morel effectivel whenl usedl forl three- dimensionall datal ratherl thanl forl two-dimensionall data. Inl thisl situation,l therel arel threel dimensions:l $l millionsl spent,l years,l andl geographicl regions.l Therefore,l al three-dimensionall graphl wouldl bestl displayl thel data.
QUESTION
mean Answer: thel averagel value
QUESTION
median Answer: middlel valuel whenl alll scoresl arel listedl inl ascendingl order
QUESTION
mode
