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Certified Lactation Consultant Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

University of California - San DiegoNursing

A comprehensive set of questions and answers for the certified lactation consultant exam. it covers key topics such as breastfeeding promotion, protection, and support strategies; the impact of breastfeeding on maternal and infant health; the international code of marketing of breast milk substitutes; and the composition and benefits of breast milk. the questions are designed to test knowledge and understanding of lactation principles and practices, making it a valuable resource for students and professionals in the field.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/12/2025

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CERTIFIED LACTATION CONSULTANT EXAM||2025-
2026||QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS. A+
GRADE
The World Health Organization and UNICEF have set out three strategies needed for increasing
breastfeeding initiation and duration in every country. What are the 3 strategies? –
Correct answer-Breastfeeding Promotion
Breastfeeding Protection
Breastfeeding Support
Focuses on advantages of breastfeeding on a personal (personal connection), community, country
(amount spent on healthcare), or global level (waste from formula & formula products)
Focuses on the good "advantages" of breastfeeding
- Correct answer-Breastfeeding Promotion
Focuses on government, manufacturer, and social responsibility to assure breast feeding's
ability to compete with commercial interests.
Includes addressing improper marketing practices
Addressing breastfeeding in public, at work, jury duty, family law, mothers in prison, etc..
- Correct answer-Breastfeeding Protection
Focuses on the interaction of "helpers" with family as well as program development and
implementation
Correct answer-Breastfeeding Support
Women how do not breastfeed are at a greater risk for what diseases?
- Correct answer-Myocardial infarction
Metabolic syndrome
Coronary artery disease
Stroke
DMII
HTN
Hyperlipidemia
Cardiovascular disease
Breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer
Reason #1 why women do not exclusively breastfeed –
Correct answer-Unrealistic expectations from society about motherhood. Along with lack of
preparation for what the newborn period would be like.
Reason #2 why women do not exclusively breastfeed
- Correct answer-Lack of timely interventions. Mother's problems at 3-7 days posed the
greatest risk for stopping which is when they are home from the hospital and alone with no
support. The fastest drop-off is in the first 10 days following discharge from the hospital
The International Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutions
- Correct answer-An international health policy framework to regulate the marketing of breast
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Download Certified Lactation Consultant Exam Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

CERTIFIED LACTATION CONSULTANT EXAM||2025-

2026||QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS. A+

GRADE

The World Health Organization and UNICEF have set out three strategies needed forincreasing breastfeeding initiation and duration in every country. What are the 3 strategies? – Correct answer-Breastfeeding Promotion Breastfeeding Protection Breastfeeding Support Focuses on advantages of breastfeeding on a personal (personal connection), community, country (amount spent on healthcare), or global level (waste from formula &formula products) Focuses on the good "advantages" of breastfeeding

  • Correct answer-BreastfeedingPromotion Focuses on government, manufacturer, and social responsibility to assure breastfeeding's ability to compete with commercial interests. Includes addressing improper marketing practices Addressing breastfeeding in public, at work, jury duty, family law, mothers in prison,etc..
  • Correct answer-Breastfeeding Protection Focuses on the interaction of "helpers" with family as well as program development and implementation Correct answer-Breastfeeding Support Women how do not breastfeed are at a greater risk for what diseases?
  • Correct answer-Myocardial infarction Metabolic syndrome Coronary artery disease Stroke DMII HTN Hyperlipidemia Cardiovascular disease Breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer Reason #1 why women do not exclusively breastfeed – Correct answer-Unrealistic expectations from society about motherhood. Along with lack of preparation for what thenewborn period would be like. Reason #2 why women do not exclusively breastfeed
  • Correct answer-Lack of timely interventions. Mother's problems at 3-7 days posed the greatest risk for stopping which is when they are home from the hospital and alone with no support. The fastest drop-off is in the first 10 days following discharge from the hospital The International Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutions
  • Correct answer-An international health policy framework to regulate the marketing of breast

milk substitutesin order to protect breastfeeding. It was written in response to the marketing activities of the infant feeding industry which were promoting formula feeding over breastfeeding, which in turn was leading to a dramatic increase in maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. What does "The Code" do?

  • Correct answer-Regulates the marketing of breast milk substitutes which includes infant formulas and any other food or drink, together with feeding bottles, and teats, intended for babies and young children. Sets standards forthe labeling and quality of products and for how the law should be implemented and monitored within countries. Aims to make sure that parental choices on feeding are based on full, impartial information, rather than misleading, inaccurate or biased marketing claims. The Global Strategy for Infant & Young Child Feeding
  • Correct answer-Is intended as aguide for action; it identifies interventions with a proven positive impact, it emphasizes providing mothers and families the support they need to carry out their crucial roles, andit explicitly defines the obligations and responsibilities in this regard of governments, international organizations, and other concerned parties. What contributes to low rates of exclusive breastfeeding globally?
  • Correct answer- Caregiver and societal beliefs favoring mixed feedings (believing that breast milk is notenough or that babies actions/issues are related to the breast milk/breastfeeding) Hospital and healthcare practices and policies that are not supportive of breastfeeding Lack of adequate skilled support Aggressive promotion of infant formula and other breast milk substitutes rather than promoting support for breastfeeding Inadequate maternity and paternity leave legislation and other workplace policies Lack of knowledge about the dangers of not exclusively breastfeeding and of properbreastfeeding techniques How to support exclusive breastfeeding
  • Correct answer-Increase hospital and health system capacity including revitalizing, expanding, and institutionalizing the baby-friendlyhospital initiative in health systems Provide community based strategies including communication campaigns tailored to thelocal context Strengthen the monitoring, enforcement, and legislation related to "The Code" andsubsequent resolutions. Enact at least 6 months paid maternity leave Invest in training and capacity building in breastfeeding protection, promotion, andsupport What is the role of the pituitary glade in milk making?
  • Correct answer-Messages fromcertain stimulation travels through the breast to the pituitary gland which triggers it to produce prolactin and oxytocin which are two hormones needed to make milk.

lower fat content Breastfed babies can regulate fat intake quickly and thus mothers should be encouraged to practice baby led feeding Maximum fat levels were obtained 30 mins post-feed 1 breast or 2? - Correct answer-There is no difference in baby's net fat intake accordingto the number of breasts suckled per feeding or the breastfeeding frequency Offer the 1st breast 1st and the 2nd breast 2nd it really doesn't matter 1 breast or 2 whatever they want Lactogenesis 1/Secretory Differentiation - Correct answer-Production of colostrum fromthe placental hormones (progesterone) When placenta delivers the progesterone levels drop to allow for prolactin to take itsplace in the milk making cells Lactogenesis 2/Secretory Activation - Correct answer-Begins when progesterone leavesthe cells and prolactin enters the receptor sites Milk will be a mix of colostrum and mature milk Lactogenesis 3/Galactopoesis - Correct answer-Long term production of mature milk Need frequent removal of milk and frequent nipple stimulation to continuously producemilk How does pH of the gut effect babies - Correct answer-Gut pH of breastfed babies ishigher than those who are formula fed or even mixed fed. Higher pH means less harmful bacteria is able to grow which helps have less issues with diarrhea How does iron effect baby's gut - Correct answer-Low iron in the gut is good, breastmilkhas relativly low iron content Tons of different bacteria thrives on excess iron so having to much can cause issues How does the presence of lactobacillus bifidus affect baby's gut - Correct answer- Presence of bifidus factor in breast milk promotes the growth of lactobacillus bifidus which helps maintain the low pH and crowd out the harmful bacteria How does the presence of SIgA antibodies effect baby's gut - Correct answer- Antibodies such as SIgA bind to microbes in the baby's intestinal tract and prevent themfrom being absorbed into the rest of the body. Mothers IgA has been found to protect against the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants Weight loss in breastfed infant - Correct answer-No more than 7% weight loss from withbirth weight and no more weight loss by day 5 and should be back to birth weight by 2 weeks Weight loss greater than 7% from birth weight indicates a possible breastfeeding problem and requires more intensive evaluation of breastfeeding and possibly intervention (not supplementation!) to correct problems and improve milk production andtransfer What causes infants to lose weight in the first postpartum days - Correct answer-Labor medications

More intrapartum fluids are given, they have more fluid to loss which is a normal process No labor prior to a c-section, maybe they weren't ready to be born How do I know my baby is getting enough milk? - Correct answer-One wet diaper for how old the baby is (however this can be skewed by the diuresing process and is not agood indicator of adequate hydration) 4 wets on day 4 and each day after Multiple poops each day that change in consistency and color How much weight should my baby be gaining - Correct answer-Approximently 1 ounce per day is expected in the early months by more may be needed for babies with metabolic or respiratory distress because they tend to burn more calories breathing, keeping warm, etc.. Size of the breast relates to the amount of milk produced - Correct answer-No!! the proportion of glandular and fat tissue and the number and size of the ducts are not related to milk production Need to drink a lot of fluids to produce a lot of milk - Correct answer-No!! There is not enough evidence to support increasing fluid intake beyond what breastfeeding mothersare likely to require to meet their needs Maternal exercise is related to infant weight gain growth - Correct answer-No!! Increased worry of stress my diminish milk supply - Correct answer-Not necessarily, worry/stress may alter behavior which could alter supply but not nursing enough or removing milk often enough How do we assure an adequate milk supply? - Correct answer-Universal understandingof how breastfeeding works Early initiation and adequate breastfeeding (10-12x per day) Appropriate breastfeeding assessment Improved and early breastfeeding support Appropriate HCP and LCP follow-up in the postpartum period Admitting there is no magic bullet More nursing= more milk Negative influences on milk production - Correct answer-Long spaced between feedingsLong, slow feedings-can effect prolactin production Negative influences on milk production: Excessive pressure in the breast - Correct answer-Pressure on the milk making cells causes less milk to be made Pressure can result from: vascular, lymphatic, and third spacing forcesToo much milk in the breast (engorgement) Missed feedings

Negative influences on milk production: Sub-optimal or altered physiology - Correct answer-Iron deficiency Anemia: Physiologic (poor O2 to milk making cells) or due to exhaustion or depression altering mothers coping behavior Hemorrhage: Sheehan's syndrome (the pituitary gland is deprived of blood and itsfunctions are impaired) Hormone imbalance: Thyroid, obesity, GDM PCOS Certain drugs: Pseudoephdrines & corticosteroids (betamethasone) Smoking and breastfeeding - Correct answer-Smoking mothers make less milk Smoking mothers may have lower prolactin levels because prolactin doesn't rise like itshould Babies tended to nap less when fed milk from mothers who smoked vs those who didnot smoke Quiting smoking during pregnancy resulted in a lower chance of preterm birth 22% of SIDS cases can be directly attributed to maternal smoking during pregnancy Canabis use and breastfeeding - Correct answer-Exposure of infant to any kind of passive smoke is a concern. There is no safe threshold limit for cannabis use in pregnancy. Among pregnant women cannabis use was significantly associated with anincreased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight The high fat solubility of cannabinoids make them difficult to analyze in breast milk. THC(delta- 9 - tetrahydrocannabinol) is measurable in milk 6 days after maternal use Anemia and breastfeeding - Correct answer-Postpartum hemorrhage can cause sheehans syndrome which in turn causes hormonal issues including milk makinghormones Retained placenta fragments prevents the shift from lactogenesis stage 1 to stage 2 which can affect your mature milk coming in Is nursing during pregnancy safe? - Correct answer-It is safe as long as you are not atrisk for preterm delivery, however the composition of your milk might change due to placental hormones being on board and your toddler may not want to feed anymore Tandem Nursing - Correct answer-The practice of breastfeeding 2 babies not from thesame pregnancy at the same time Milk volumes increase faster but less engorgement is experienced with two nurslings May require specific teaching to manage faster flow Help parents respond to different needs of each childNurse newborns frequently Find time for non-nursing interactions with older babies Negative influences on milk production: Physical objects - Correct answer-Pacifier usemay be an indicator that parents need extra breastfeeding teaching Ask questions Nipple shields

Postpartum depression - Correct answer-Women who are more likely to wean early arethose who have experienced depression either in pregnancy or postpartum Among women with breastfeeding difficulties, women who had a negative experience with breastfeeding support had a significantly higher risk of postpartum depression andmore likely to show symptoms at 2 months Silence learner - Correct answer-A position of not knowing in which the person feels voiceless, powerless, and mindless Afraid of words See themselves as relatively powerless and dependent on others for survialDo not trust their ability to understand or remember Have little awareness of their intellectual capabilitiesLive at the behest of those around them To develop a relationship with Women in Silence: Few words Familiar words Short, easy, comfortable Nothing to remember You may need to be an advocate Receivers of knowledge - Correct answer-Believe that all authorities tell the truthLike to learn the right answer and repeat it to the teacher Can not tolerate ambiguity Submit to the command of authority-not inner voice Sense of self is embedded in external definitions and rolesLive at the behest of those around them To develop a relationship with Receivers of knowledge: Teacher or counselor must project authority Never be ambiguous Advantages must be concrete and appropriate for her Teaching should be centered on the right way and include return demo Subjective knowing - Correct answer-Believes knowing is personal, private, and basedon intuition and/or feeling states, rather than on thought and articulated ideas that are defended with evidence Sense of self is embedded in external definitions and roles Sense of authority arises primarily from the power of a groupTrust their own intuition Inner voice helps guide them Distrust male authority figures "Experts don't know what they are talking about" Trust other women with similar experiences Find female support groups helpful Attracted to natural things, like breastfeeding Want to be helped by someone who has breastfed Interested in breastfeeding from her own point of view

Storing breast milk that is leftover from a feeding - Correct answer-Use within 2 hoursafter the baby is done feeding Formula preparation and storing - Correct answer-Formula needs to be mix with water that is at least 70ºC or 158ºF in order to kill Enerobacter Sakazakii Formula made with hot water need to be cooled quickly to body temperature if it is beingfed to the baby immediately If the formula is not being fed immediately, refrigerate it right away and keeprefrigerated until feeling Hierarchy of infant feeding choices - Correct answer-1. Baby at mothers breast2. Mother's own expressed milk

  1. Milk from a milk bank4. Cows milk forumla
  2. Soy formula Colic - Correct answer-An easily identifiable childhood problem that has no clearlyidentified treatment Does not seem to be associated with GERD Colicky babies had more than double the abundance of microbia in the gut How much milk do moms make on average? - Correct answer- 750 - 1000mL per day If baby is diagnosed with Galactosemia - Correct answer-recessive genetic disorder; characterized by body's inability to tolerate galactose Can be rapidly fatal is lactose is not completely removed from the infants diet Breastfeeding is contraindicated If mother is infected with HIV - Correct answer-Breastfeeding or feeding at the breast is not advisable If mother is infected with T-cell lymphotopic virus - Correct answer-Breastfeeding or feeding at the breast is not advisable If mother is using illicit street drugs such as PCP or cocaine - Correct answer- Breastfeeding or feeding at the breast is not advisable Exceptions being narcotic dependent mothers who are enrolled in a supervised methadone program and have a negative screening for HIV infection If mother is suspected or confirmed of having Ebola - Correct answer-Breastfeeding orfeeding at the breast is not advisable If mother is infected with untreated brucellosis - Correct answer-Mothers should temporarily not breastfeed or feed expressed breast milk

If mother is taking certain medications (medications and decrease cells proliferation:cancer drugs)

  • Correct answer-Mothers should temporarily not breastfeed or feed expressed breast milk If mother is undergoing diagnostic imaging with radiopharmaceuticals - Correct answer- Mothers should temporarily not breastfeed of feed expressed breast milk If mother has an active herpes lesion on the breast - Correct answer-Can breastfeedfrom unaffected side if affected side is completely covered If both sides are affected mother should temporarily not breastfeed or feed expressedbreastmilk If mother has active TB - Correct answer-Mother should temporarily not breastfeed butcan feed expressed breast milk If mother has active chicken pox that developed within the 5 days prior to delivery to the 2 days following delivery - Correct answer-Mother should temporarily not breastfeed but can feed expressed breast milk Less engorgement is associated with - Correct answer-More time spent in the first 48 hours