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Central Nervous System (CNS) Disorders: Diagnosis and Management, Exams of Nursing

University of OxfordNursing

Central Nervous System (CNS) Disorders: Diagnosis and Management Central Nervous System (CNS) Disorders: Diagnosis and Management.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/04/2025

Prof.Lorraine-Dixon
Prof.Lorraine-Dixon 🇬🇧

315 documents

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Central Nervous System (CNS) Disorders:
Diagnosis and Management
1. What is the central nervous system composed of?
The brain and spinal cord.
2. Which cells form the myelin sheath in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes.
3. What is the most common cause of ischemic stroke?
Thromboembolism.
4. Which neurotransmitter is primarily deficient in Parkinson’s
disease?
Dopamine.
5. Name a classic symptom of multiple sclerosis.
Optic neuritis.
6. What imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting acute
stroke?
MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging.
7. What is the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease on histopathology?
Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques.
8. Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for vision?
Occipital lobe.
9. What is the gold standard for diagnosing epilepsy?
Electroencephalogram (EEG).
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Central Nervous System (CNS) Disorders:

Diagnosis and Management

  1. What is the central nervous system composed of? The brain and spinal cord.
  2. Which cells form the myelin sheath in the CNS? Oligodendrocytes.
  3. What is the most common cause of ischemic stroke? Thromboembolism.
  4. Which neurotransmitter is primarily deficient in Parkinson’s disease? Dopamine.
  5. Name a classic symptom of multiple sclerosis. Optic neuritis.
  6. What imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting acute stroke? MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging.
  7. What is the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease on histopathology? Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques.
  8. Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for vision? Occipital lobe.
  9. What is the gold standard for diagnosing epilepsy? Electroencephalogram (EEG).
  1. Which autoimmune disease targets acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction? Myasthenia gravis.
  2. What is the most common primary brain tumor in adults? Glioblastoma multiforme.
  3. Which cranial nerve is affected in Bell’s palsy? Facial nerve (CN VII).
  4. What is the initial treatment for status epilepticus? Intravenous benzodiazepines.
  5. Which area of the brain is affected in Wernicke’s aphasia? Superior temporal gyrus (Wernicke’s area).
  6. Which infectious agent commonly causes meningitis in young adults? Neisseria meningitidis.
  7. What is the triad of symptoms in normal pressure hydrocephalus? Gait disturbance, dementia, urinary incontinence.
  8. Which genetic disorder is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and pseudohypertrophy? Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
  9. What is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage? Ruptured berry aneurysm.
  10. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination? Cerebellum.
  1. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for? Assessing the level of consciousness in trauma patients.
  2. Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance? Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).
  3. What is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage? Hypertension.
  4. Which test is most useful for diagnosing myasthenia gravis? Edrophonium (Tensilon) test.
  5. What is the main presenting feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)? Progressive muscle weakness.
  6. Which condition is characterized by ascending paralysis? Guillain-Barré syndrome.
  7. What is the primary treatment for bacterial meningitis? Empiric intravenous antibiotics.
  8. Which nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome? Median nerve.
  9. What is the most common cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Repeated head injuries.
  10. Which neurotransmitter is increased in Huntington’s disease? Dopamine.
  11. What is Broca’s area responsible for? Speech production.
  1. Which imaging is preferred for acute head trauma? Non-contrast CT scan.
  2. What is the most common cause of seizures in the elderly? Stroke.
  3. Which syndrome is characterized by ipsilateral facial paralysis and contralateral body weakness? Millard-Gubler syndrome.
  4. What is a common side effect of levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease? Dyskinesias.
  5. Which disease is associated with “onion bulb” formations in peripheral nerves? Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  6. What is the primary function of the frontal lobe? Executive functions, decision making, voluntary movement.
  7. Which condition presents with “cape-like” loss of pain and temperature sensation? Syringomyelia.
  8. What is the most common cause of viral encephalitis? Herpes simplex virus.
  9. Which demyelinating disorder is associated with rapid correction of hyponatremia? Central pontine myelinolysis.
  10. What is the first-line treatment for acute cluster headache? High-flow oxygen therapy.