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A practice test or study guide for an introductory human biology course. It covers a wide range of topics, including the scientific method, atomic structure, chemical bonding, properties of water, ph, enzymes, cellular respiration, cell organelles, cell transport, and protein structure. The questions are multiple-choice and cover both conceptual understanding and application of key biological principles. This document could be useful for students preparing for an exam in an introductory human biology or general biology course, as it provides a comprehensive review of the core topics typically covered in the first part of such a course. The level of detail and the range of topics suggest this document is most suitable for university-level students, particularly those enrolled in a first-year biology or human biology course.
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I make an observation that chocolate covered cherries are gross. What kind of observation is this? - correct answer ✔✔Subjective After a scientist makes an observation, what is the next step in the scientific method? - correct answer ✔✔Formulate a hypothesis To say that a hypothesis is falsifiable means that it: - correct answer ✔✔Can be refuted (shown to be incorrect) A placebo is: - correct answer ✔✔a treatment that does nothing You see an unfamiliar plant while on a hike in the desert. You know that most cacti in general have spines, a thick waxy covering and are found in the desert. This plant has all those features, so you conclude this specific plant must be some kind of cactus. This is an example of what kind of reasoning? - correct answer ✔✔Deductive Reasoning Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus of an atom? - correct answer ✔✔Electrons The atom neon contains 10 protons, 10 neutrons, and 10 electrons. Its atomic mass is: - correct answer ✔✔ 20 Which of the following can form two covalent bonds? - correct answer ✔✔oxygen Which of the following is an isotope? - correct answer ✔✔An atom with 2 protons, 3 neutrons and 2 electrons Which represents a neutral Oxygen atom that GAINED two electrons? - correct answer ✔✔O^2-
The elements Hydrogen (H) and Chlorine (Cl) combine together to form HCl (Hydrochloric Acid). Here is the information for each of these elements: Hydrogen (H): Atomic number: 1; Atomic mass: 1. Chlorine (Cl): Atomic number: 17; Atomic mass: 35.453 - correct answer ✔✔Covalent Single Bond Carbon-13 is used for: - correct answer ✔✔Detection of cancer cells ______________________ molecules are hydrophilic, while _____________________ molecules are hydrophobic. - correct answer ✔✔Polar/Non-polar Which of the following list of chemical bonds is in order from STRONGEST to WEAKEST? - correct answer ✔✔Covalent/ Ionic / Hydrogen Which of the following demonstrates the water's property of density? - correct answer ✔✔Ice Floats A solution with a pH of 1 has ________ times as much H+as a solution with a pH of 3. - correct answer ✔✔ 100 I have a solution with a high amount of free H+ and a very small amount of free OH- Which of the following is TRUE about my solution? - correct answer ✔✔It's an acid If the blood became more BASIC, what would your blood produce more of to neutralize its pH? - correct answer ✔✔Bicarbonate ion Which type of reaction would break down proteins into amino acids? - correct answer ✔✔Hydrolysis What is the function of glycogen? - correct answer ✔✔Intermediate energy storage in animals. Lipids are both __________________ and ___________________. - correct answer ✔✔Non-polar / hydrophobic
In regards to cell motility and the cytoskeleton, the flagella are able to move due to ________; cilia are able to move due to ________. - correct answer ✔✔microtubules / actin What organelle found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum manufactures proteins? - correct answer ✔✔Ribosome The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site of ___________________ production - correct answer ✔✔Lipid The _____________________ separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm - correct answer ✔✔Nuclear Envelope Which describes facilitated diffusion? - correct answer ✔✔requires a protein to move substances from HIGH to LOW concentration If a cell is placed in a HYPERTONIC solution, it will: - correct answer ✔✔Lose water and shrivel Osmosis is the movement of water from __________________ solute concentration to __________________ solute concentration. - correct answer ✔✔low to high The movement of solutes from HIGH to LOW concentration is: - correct answer ✔✔diffusion A small, uncharged molecule would pass through the cell membrane by which method? - correct answer ✔✔Simple diffusion (directly across the membrane) The plasma membrane is primarily composed of _____________. - correct answer ✔✔Phospholipids The energy currency of the cell is: - correct answer ✔✔ATP DENATURATION is the unraveling of a protein's _______________________ due to extreme heat or extreme pH. - correct answer ✔✔secondary structures
A nucleotide is made up of a phosphate, a sugar and a ____________________________ - correct answer ✔✔base When a single protein folds into helices and/or sheets what level of protein organization is this? - correct answer ✔✔secondary structure Antibodies are examples of proteins. What general function do antibodies serve? - correct answer ✔✔defense