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BIOD 151 Final Exam (Latest, 2024-2025)/ BIOD

Final Exam / BIOD 151 A & P 1 Final Exam: Essential

Human Anatomy & Physiology I : Portage Learning

Question 1

5 / 5 pts

List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity. Your Answer: small intestine and large intestine The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver

Question 2

5 / 5 pts

True or False? a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F) b. Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or F) d. Receptor-mediated endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F) e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular energy expenditure.(T or F) Your Answer: a. False b. True c. False d. True e. False a. False- (ATP is produced, not ADP) b. True c. False- (This process is called endocytosis) d. True e. False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)

Explain what happens to the soft palate during swallowing. Why? Your Answer: During swallowing, the soft palate in blocked by the tongue. This prevents choking on food or liquids. The upward movement of the soft palate prevents food or liquid from entering the nasal passages during swallowing.

Question 6

3 / 3 pts

Air and food pass in which one of the following areas: Trachea Nasopharynx Correct! Oropharynx Alveoli

Question 7

10 / 10 pts

Label the following five items from the diagram:

Label B- ___________ Label D- __________ Label E- __________ Label F- __________ Label G- __________ Your Answer: B- oral cavity D- epiglottis E- Glottis F- trachea G- esophagus Label B- Oral Cavity Label D- Epiglottis Label E- Glottis Label F- Trachea Label G- Esophagus

Question 8

2 / 2 pts

Your Answer:

3. stomach
4. gall bladder
5. large intestine
6. appendix
7. anus 3: Stomach 4: Gallbladder 7: Jejunum (not small intestine) 9: Appendix (not large intestine) 10: Rectum (not large intestine)

Question 11

6.67 / 10 pts

Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words. Answer the following essay question: Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes. Your Answer: Parietal cells secrete HCL and have a pH of 1.3-3.5. This acidic pH of these cells kills off bacteria that is ingested along with food. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen. HCL converts inactive pepsinogen to active pepsin. The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin. Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins. name their location

Question 12

10 / 10 pts

Label the following bones of the skeleton from the figure below: 1: ____________ 3:____________ 5:____________ 7: ____________ 8: ____________

Label the bones in the figure below: A: ____________ B: ____________ C: ____________ D: ____________ E: _____________ Your Answer: A. pisiform B. hamate C. capitate D. trapezoid E. trapezium

A: Pisiform B: Hamate C: Capitate D: Trapezoid E: Trapezium

Question 14

5 / 5 pts

A patient has a diagnosis of osteoporosis. (1) In your own words, describe this diagnosis and (2) What type of bone cell would they be lacking? Explain your answer. Your Answer: Osteoporosis is a bone disease in which bone tissue degenerates which causes weak bones. This can lead to fractures. They would be lacking osteoblasts which would be decreased and would inhibit bone repair. (1) Osteoporosis is a bone tissue disease. When bone tissue degenerates faster than is replaced, the bones become weak. Brittle bones cause increased pain and are more likely to fracture. (2) They would have decreased osteoblasts which are responsible for bone repair. The bone repair would be unable to keep up with the ongoing breakdown of bone which is done by the work of osteoblasts.

Question 15

10 / 10 pts

G. buccinator J. depressor labii inferioris B: Temporalis C: Orbicularis oculi E: Zygomaticus major G: Buccinator J: Depressor labii inferioris

Question 16

10 / 10 pts

When extensor digitorum contracts, what action(s) occurs? A. Elbow extension B. Wrist extension C. Extension of digit 1 D. Extension of digits 2- E. A&C Correct! F. B&D

Question 17

5 / 5 pts

Would you expect a male to have estrogen in their bloodstream? Explain why or why not. Your Answer:

Yes, both males and females have all of the sex hormones. Adrenal gland is responsible for for the opposite sexes hormones. (1)Yes. Both male and female bodies produce “all” the sex hormones. However, the ratios are different. (2) The adrenal glands are largely responsible for producing this “opposite” hormone that the testis would not.

Question 18

2.5 / 2.5 pts

List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I lower the level of calcium in the blood by depositing calcium into bone. Your Answer: calcitonin Calcitonin

Question 19

0 / 2.5 pts

List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. Your Answer: Parathyroid hormone Insulin

Question 20

10 / 10 pts

Aldosterone is involved in the regulation of sodium and potassium in the body. Explain how too much aldosterone could contribute to high blood pressure. Your Answer: Too much aldosterone could contribute to high blood pressure because this would cause sodium levels to increase in the body while potassium levels decreased. Increased sodium leads to high blood pressure. Lack of potassium could lead to cramping in thr body which would be from non regulation of aldosterone.

Question 22

10 / 10 pts

Match the cell with its single best description, using each description only once. Correct! Keratinocytes Correct! Fibroblasts Correct! Melanocytes Correct! Langerhans cells Other Incorrect Match Options:  Detects pain  Detects light touch

Question 23

5 / 5 pts

What is the name and function of the structure below? (Highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow) Produces a protein to protect the skin Produces collagen Produces a pigment that absorbs UV rays Assists in immune responses

Your Answer: Sebaceous gland- produces oil in which to prevent hair and skin from drying out. Sebaceous gland (oil gland) produces oil (sebum) to protect the skin and hair from drying. Quiz Score: 134.17 out of 140