Basic Concepts of Pharmacology - Introduction to Pharmacology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Pharmacy

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Chapter 2

Basic Concepts of

Pharmacology

Basic Concepts of Pharmacology

Chapter 2 Topics

• Receptors
• Mechanisms of Drug Action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Drug Effects

Receptors

• A receptor is a protein molecule on the surface of or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, thereby producing some effect within the cell.

Receptors

• A receptor is a protein molecule on the surface of or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, thereby producing some effect within the cell. - receptor site may have specificity - the affinity is the strength by which a particular chemical messenger binds to its receptor site or cell

Mechanisms of Drug Action

Antagonist

An antagonist is a drug that binds to a receptor site and blocks the action of the endogenous messenger or other drugs.

Pharmacokinetics

• Activity of a drug within the body over a period of time.
• Includes ADME

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

Process whereby the drug enters the circulatory system

Pharmacokinetics

Distribution

Process by which a drug moves from the blood into other body fluids and tissues and ultimately to its sites of action

Blood flow is the rate-limiting factor.

Pharmacokinetics

Elimination

Clearance is the rate at which a drug is eliminated from a specific volume of blood per unit of time.

Pharmacokinetics

Dose-Response Curve

Pharmacokinetics

Duration of Action

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic Modeling

Method of describing the process of ADME of a drug within the body

Drug Effects

Beneficial Responses

• Therapeutic Effect The action for which the drug is prescribed

Drug Effects

Beneficial Responses

• Therapeutic Effect The action for which the drug is prescribed
• Local Effect Confined to a specific part of the body