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Atmospheric Chemistry - Human Resource - Lecture Slides, Slides of Human Resource Management

In these Lecture Slides of Human Resource Management, the Lecturer has put emphasis on the following key points : Atmospheric Chemistry, Climate, Reactive Halogens, Free Troposphere, Tropical, Greenhouse Gases, Cloud Interactions, Organics, Atmosphere, Secondary Organic

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 07/25/2013

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Ocean, Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate:
Influence of reactive halogens on the removal of
greenhouse gases in the tropical free troposphere
Prof. Rainer Volkamer1,2
1,2 Dept. Chemistry & CIRES
University of Colorado
Boulder, USA
What is atmospheric
chemistry?
How do we study it?
What is the role of tropical
oceans?
Docsity.com
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Ocean, Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate:

Influence of reactive halogens on the removal of

greenhouse gases in the tropical free troposphere

Prof. Rainer Volkamer1,

1,2 Dept. Chemistry & CIRES

University of Colorado

Boulder, USA

What is atmospheric

chemistry?

How do we study it?

What is the role of tropical

oceans?

fewer particles
larger droplets
lower albedo
more particles
smaller droplets
higher albedo

cloud with fewer aerosols

cloud with many aerosols

Example: Ocean-aerosol-cloud interactions -

Twomey’s (first indirect) effect

(alkylhalides) (^) Tropospheric Ozone

X + O 3 -> XO + O 2
XO + XO -> X 2 O 4

PM

Condensation

Inorganic Aerosol

Higher oxides

Activation on Aerosol Surfaces

Halogens in the atmosphere

PM
POA
VOC

Sea spray Aerosol

Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN)

Direct Climate Effect

Indirect Climate Effect

Nucleation

Secondary Organic

Aerosol (SOA)?

Ocean-aerosol-cloud interactions

OMSSA is determined by organic enrichment at the air-sea

interface, chemical composition of seawater, and aerosol size

Meskidze and Nenes, 2006

Field evidence

Gantt et al., 2011

Clicker: As atmospheric scientists we constantly

ask questions … what is your favorite question?

A Where does it come from?

B Where does it go?

C How much is there?

D Why is it there?

E all of the above

‘It’ could be any variable of interest… think for

example ‘ozone molecules’, or ‘halogen radicals’

or ‘greenhouse gas’, or ‘radiative effect’

Radical cycle controlling tropospheric ozone and OH

O 3

O 2

hn

O 3

hn, H 2 O^ OH^ HO 2 ,RO 2

Deposition

NO

H 2 O 2

ROOH

CO, VOC

NO 2

hn

STRATOSPHERE
TROPOSPHERE
SURFACE

hn

biosphere combustion industry

lightning combustion soils

Latitude [°]

monthly methane oxidation (GEOS-Chem)

8

kg CH

4

month

Annual JanuaryAverage July

Oxidation of long-lived gases by OH is mostly in tropics

Kevin Wecht, Harvard Docsity.com

Catalytical recycling of halogen and Hox radicals

Relevance of atmospheric chemistry for Climate

Halogens and organic carbon are components of the atmosphere that are relevant to Climate, because…

  • influences on the reactive chemistry (OH, Br, Cl, I

abundance) that determines the removal rate (lifetime) of climate active gases (e.g., methane,

ozone, dimethyl sulfide) in the atmosphere

  • Can modify the number, size (CCN), and optical properties of aerosols  aerosol direct and

indirect aerosol effect on climate

Volkamer Group: research areas

  1. Research cruises (2012 to 2014) Eddy Covariance flux measure- ments by fast CU LED-CE-DOAS to probe air-sea gas exchange

  2. Laboratory studies of Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation (2013)

  3. Aircraft studies of Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange TORERO 2012, CONTRAST 2014.

CU AMAX-DOAS on HIAPER aircraft