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Ionic Liquids: Versatile Solvents for Diverse Applications, Lecture notes of Biochemistry

A comprehensive overview of ionic liquids, a unique class of solvents with remarkable properties and a wide range of applications. It covers the history, characteristics, and functionality of ionic liquids, highlighting their potential as designer solvents. The document delves into various applications, including organic reactions, bioscience (biorefinery), and supported ionic liquid phase (silp) catalysis. It showcases the tunability of ionic liquids, their ability to overcome limitations of traditional solvents, and their growing importance in scientific and technological advancements. The detailed information presented in this document makes it a valuable resource for researchers, students, and professionals interested in exploring the versatility and potential of ionic liquids.

Typology: Lecture notes

2023/2024

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Ionic Liquids
Tomohiro Yamamoto
2012/11/5
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Ionic Liquids

Tomohiro Yamamoto

Solvents - classification

H

O 2

Hydrogen bond

Organic solvents

Van der Waals

interaction

Ionic Liquids

Coulomb

interaction

Definition •

Ionic Liquids are ionic compounds(salts) whichare liquid below 100

. More commonly,

Ionic Liquids have melting points below roomtemperature.

Free

Customization!

  1. Basic cation anion

1. BasicHistory 1914 – [EtNH

][NO 3

] (m.p. 12 3

oC) was first described.

1970s~1980s – imidazolium and pyridinium cation, halide anion1992 – [BF

] 4

  • , [PF

] 6

2000s – [NTf

] 2

Designers solvent – ionic liquids

  1. Basic

Characteristics

1. Basic Fluorous ILs are immisciblewith both organic and aqueous solvents.

Melting point

m.p.

cation

and

anion size

large

high low

small

  1. Basic

Melting point

  1. Basic

DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry)

  1. Basic

liquid

glass

m.p.

Supercooling

liquid

Phase transition is hard to happen.

Flexibility of the constituent ions

Conformational diversity

1. Basic.Preparation and Purification Negligible volatility

distillation

Low melting point

recrystallization at low temperature

Database

http://ilthermo.boulder.nist.gov/ILThermo/pureils.uix.do?event=NewSearch

Database

http://ilthermo.boulder.nist.gov/ILThermo/pureils.uix.do?event=NewSearch

Organic Reaction (TEMPO oxidation)

Organic Reaction (TEMPO oxidation)

R. Gree,

et al. Org. Lett

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