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Running head: COVID-19 1 References Giannouchos, T. V., Steletou, E., Saridi, M., & Souliotis, K. (2021). Should vaccination be mandated? Individuals’ perceptions on mandatory vaccination in Greece. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice , 27 (5), 1104–1111. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13568. The study explored factors influencing individuals' attitudes towards mandatory vaccination in Greece. The results showed that 85% of respondents supported compulsory vaccination, with individuals who used preventive services more often having increased trust in official healthcare authorities' guidelines and recommendations and underage children living in the household significantly more likely to support it. No differences were observed for sociodemographic factors and mandatory vaccination support. Vaccination is widely recognized as one of the most cost-effective medical interventions, and mass vaccination requires high acceptance rates and adherence to guidelines and recommendations. Factors influencing vaccination uptake include socioeconomic characteristics, perceived susceptibility, cultural, behavioral, and emotional factors, and trust in healthcare systems, governments, and information sources. Healthcare providers are the most common source of vaccine information, but the internet has become an important source, with online vaccine information often containing anti-vaccine content. Recommendations include healthcare policy interventions promoting mandatory vaccination through multi-level initiatives to improve healthcare providers' and the public's understanding of the value of vaccination.
Most participants in a study supported mandatory vaccination, with 85.2% believing in its importance. Trust in healthcare authorities and the use of preventive services were critical factors in their support. The presence of underage children in households and good self-reported health were also linked to sponsorship. Age also played a role in vaccination support. Policy interventions should address concerns and improve vaccine uptake, balancing individual liberties with public health considerations. Healthcare professionals are crucial in addressing vaccine concerns and improving vaccination rates. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened public concerns about vaccination. Training healthcare professionals on vaccination benefits and providing consistent information is essential for improving vaccination rates. Addressing knowledge deficits and overcoming counseling challenges can contribute to improving vaccination rates. Factors influencing support for mandatory vaccination include healthier and younger individuals, underage children in households, and no significant association between other socioeconomic factors. Free-of-charge access to most vaccines in Greece eliminates disparities and barriers to vaccination among different population groups. Goudsmit, M. (2021). Mandatory vaccination and infringing children’s Article 8 rights for their parents’ non-compliance. Journal of Social Welfare & Family Law , 43 (3), 335–338. https://doi.org/10.1080/09649069.2021.1953853. The European Court of Human Rights has ruled that the Czech Republic has a vaccination duty against nine childhood diseases, with an additional responsibility for children with specific health indications. Failure to comply may result in a fine and exclusion of unvaccinated children from preschool. The court found that the vaccination duty did not unjustly infringe on the applicant's right to private life and was considered justified and proportionate. The Czech policy of imposing a vaccination duty was within the wide
The study calculated that the additional cases of COVID-19 in schools where the mask requirement was lifted led to 17,500 missed school days for students and 6,500 missed school days for staff members. Cheryl Buckman said her 9-year-old son developed symptoms of Covid within days after the school lifted masking requirements late last year. He and his mother both ran high fevers for several days, and she had to postpone needed surgery because of her illness. Opponents of masking in schools have raised concerns that it causes communication problems and delays in speech development, making it difficult to read or communicate emotional expressions. The new observational study cannot prove a causal relationship between mandatory masking and a lower incidence of COVID-19. Schools abandoned mask policies because they could lead to other complications, such as trouble understanding teachers and peers and problems communicating between students and staff members with hearing difficulties. A Boston parents' group has called for implementing universal masking in schools if an outbreak occurs at the school or in the larger community and after students return from vacations. Rabin, R. C. (2023, April 26). A century-old vaccine fails to protect against COVID-19. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/26/health/bcg-vaccine-covid.html? searchResultPosition=9. An ancient TB vaccination that boosts the immune system did not reduce COVID-19 infections in healthcare workers, but the results could not rule out other possible advantages. Six months following B.C.G. immunization, 14.7 percent of those vaccinated acquired symptomatic COVID-19 infections, whereas 12.3 percent of those who received saline placebo injections were ill—the B.C.G. The experiment was halted because healthcare personnel were among the first to get the newly accessible mRNA doses. The BCG
vaccination protects infants against TB and lowers infant mortality. The vaccination does not protect healthcare professionals from mild or moderate COVID-19, although it may help prevent people of various ages from getting infections. A study of persons with Type 1 diabetes who had numerous BCG immunizations before the pandemic discovered that those who received BCG had much fewer COVID-19 conditions than those who received placebo injections. Wu, K. J. (2023, September 13). The one thing everyone should know about fall COVID vaccines. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2023/09/fall-covid- vaccine-update-cdc-recommendation/675304/. Paul Offit, a Children's Hospital of Philadelphia doctor, argues that while yearly COVID- injections are recommended for individuals at highest risk, young and healthy Americans should discontinue receiving them after two or three doses. This contradicts the CDC's current recommendations that every American six months and older receive at least one dose of the revised vaccine this autumn. Experts say there are better ways to increase vaccination uptake than policies that include ifs, and, or buts. The most severe COVID- vaccine issue in the United States is that no one chooses extra shots. Public health professionals want a straightforward, proactive message that is generally inclusive. Pregnant women, immunocompromised patients, adults over 70, and healthcare personnel are the most vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. However, there are additional susceptible populations to consider, and muddled information has already delayed the pandemic response. Making the vaccination simple, accessible, and automated is critical to increasing adoption. Although the benefit-risk ratio for young and healthy people is lower
