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A study guide or review material for an anatomy and physiology (a&p) final exam. It covers a wide range of topics related to the human body, including levels of organization, hormones, body fluids, disease factors, cell structures, organ systems, and various medical terms and concepts. Concise answers to multiple-choice or short-answer questions, making it a valuable resource for students preparing for an a&p final exam. The level of detail and the breadth of topics covered suggest that this document could be useful for university-level a&p courses, particularly those focused on the structure and function of the human body in health and disease.
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Levels of organization - ANSWER- Cells 👉tissue👉oragans👉organ system👉 organism Where do hormones work - ANSWER- Target tissues Main fluid used in emergency - ANSWER- Saline isotonic Predisposing factors to disease - ANSWER- Age Race lifestyle Stem cells - ANSWER- actively dividing cells tht can make tissues depending on the need Plasma membranes - ANSWER- Regulates what comes in and out of the cell Peritoneum - ANSWER- The membrane that lines the abdominal cavity Main parts of a cell - ANSWER- Nucleus mitochondria Golgi body chromosomes DNA vesicle Structures outside the the plasma membrane - ANSWER- Cilia flagella Abnormal constituents of urine - ANSWER- Glucose,albumin, blood, ketones, WBC, and casts Normal constituents of urine - ANSWER- Electrolytes, pigments, and nitrogenous waste Functions of the large intestines - ANSWER- Reabsorb water make stool and eliminate the stool Functions of the small intestines - ANSWER- Secretion motility digestion and absorption Hypoxemia - ANSWER- Low oxygen in the blood Structures of the airwAy - ANSWER- Pharynx larynx trachea bronchi lungs Surface skin lesions - ANSWER- Macule Papule vesicle pustule Deep surface lesions - ANSWER- Laceration, ulcer, and fissle
Neurotransmitter for NMJ SNS and PNS - ANSWER- Acetylcholine and epinephrine What artery supplies blood to the kidney - ANSWER- Renal artery Midbrain - ANSWER- Reflex center Medulla oblongata - ANSWER- Vasomotor center, cardiac center, respiratory center Cerebellum - ANSWER- Maintains balance Frontal lobe - ANSWER- Controls speech and skeletal muscle Parietal lobe - ANSWER- Touch pain and temp sensory impulses Occipital lobe - ANSWER- Sight Temporal lobe - ANSWER- Hearing Coronary arteries - ANSWER- Vessel that supplies blood to the myocardium Types of endocytosis - ANSWER- Phagocytosis And pinocytosis Arthroplasty - ANSWER- Joint replacement Arthrocentesis - ANSWER- Endoscopic joint viewing Where do hormones work - ANSWER- Target tissues Anatomical position - ANSWER- Standing upright facing forward with palms facing forward Muscle tissue - ANSWER- Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth Muscles used for IM injection - ANSWER- Deltoid, gluteus medius, vastus lateralis Structural and functional divisions of the NERVOUS SYSTEM - ANSWER- Functional- somatic and autonomic Structural -central and peripheral Tendons - ANSWER- Connect muscle to bones Peristalsis - ANSWER- Wavelike movement in the wall of an organ or duct that pushes content forward Types of glands - ANSWER- Exocrine and endocrine