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A&P 2 Straighterline Final Exam 60 Question and Answers
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A decrease in blood oxygen stimulates which of the following? - Ans a. an increase in erythropoietin formation, which increases red blood cell production Antibodies are produced by which type of white blood cell? - Ans lymphocytes Which statement about the structure of the heart is accurate? - Ans b. The superior and inferior venae cavae enter the right atrium, and the pulmonary veins enter the left atrium. Which part of the cardiovascular system brings blood into the right atrium of the heart? - Ans c. superior vena cava Deoxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary structures in what order? - Ans d. pulmonary semilunar valve ⇒ pulmonary trunk ⇒ pulmonary arteries Oxygenated blood flows through the heart's structures in what order? - Ans b. bicuspid valve ⇒ left ventricle ⇒ aortic semilunar valve In the human body, veins are categorized according to - Ans size Which sequence correctly shows the direction of blood flow in the capillary network?
c. It is located superficial to mucous membranes. d. It is organized into compact, somewhat spherical structures. Which is a function of the lymphatic system? - Ans b. regulation of fluid balance What would happen if excess lymph remained in the interstitial fluid instead of entering the lymphatic capillaries? - Ans d. Edema would result, causing tissue damage and possibly death. Which cell type is part of the innate immune system? - Ans a. natural killer cell b. memory B cell c. plasma cell d. helper T cell In the body's defense system, specificity and memory are key characteristics of - Ans b. adaptive immunity. Which of these is an autoimmune disease? - Ans d. systemic lupus erythematosus What is the first stage of HIV infection? - Ans b. A protein on the surface of the virus binds to a CD4 molecule on the cell surface. Which three organs make up the lower respiratory tract? - Ans a. pharynx, larynx, and trachea b. nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx c. pharynx, trachea, and bronchi d. trachea, bronchi, and lungs The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is called - Ans d. ventilation. In the human body, internal respiration is a gas exchange between the - Ans a. air in the lungs and the blood. b. air in the lungs and the tissues. c. blood and the lymph. d. blood and the tissues. The inspiratory reserve volume for a young adult male is 3000 mL, the tidal volume is 500 mL, and the expiratory reserve volume is 1100 mL. What is the vital capacity?
An individual deficient for vitamin A would experience which set of symptoms? - Ans d. night blindness, retarded growth, and skin disorders Which organic compound contains the most kilocalories of energy per gram? - Ans elect one: a. fats b. carbohydrates c. proteins d. nucleic acids Which sequence correctly shows the direction of food movement during digestion? - Ans d. esophagus ⇒ stomach ⇒ pyloric sphincter ⇒ duodenum What is produced by the goblet cells of the duodenal mucosa? - Ans d. protective mucus What is the effect of hydrochloric acid secretion into the stomach? - Ans Select one: a. It kills bacteria in the food. b. It facilitates absorption of lipids. c. It initiates carbohydrate digestion. d. It deactivates the function of pepsin. What is the process by which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules to release energy? - Ans Select one: a. metabolism b. anabolism c. catabolism d. ATP synthesis Internally, the kidney is divided into the medulla and the - Ans cortex In which of the following regions of the nephron does active reabsorption of ions such as Na+, K+, and Cl- begin? - Ans Select one: a. distal convoluted tubule b. loop of Henle c. proximal convoluted tubule d. renal corpuscle What type of arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus? - Ans Select one: a. interlobular b. segmental c. efferent d. afferent
In what part of the body is aldosterone produced? - Ans a. adrenal glands The three main processes of urine production are filtration, tubular reabsorption, and