21st Century
Literature from
the Philippines
and the World
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Compare and Contrast
the Various 21st Century
Genres from the earlier
Genres/ Periods
11
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21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World, Cheat Sheet of Literature
This self-learning module aims to help students in grade 11 master the comparison and contrast of various 21st century literary genres with the earlier genres and periods. It covers the identification of different literary genres, recognition of the elements and structure of each genre, and the differentiation of the four major literary genres: poetry, fiction, nonfiction, and drama. The module also explores the emergence of new literary genres that have adapted to contemporary trends, such as hyperpoetry, mobile textula, flash fiction, chick lit, and blogs. By studying this document, students will be able to understand the evolution of literary genres and their distinct characteristics, enabling them to appreciate the diversity and richness of 21st century literature from the philippines and the world.
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2019/2020
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2 1st Century
Literature from
the Philippines
and the World
Quarter 1 – Module 2 :
Compare and Contrast
the Various 21st Century
Genres from the earlier
Genres/ Periods
21st Century
Literature from
the Philippines
and the World
Quarter 1 – Module 2 :
Compare and Contrast Various
21st Century Genres from the
Earlier Genres/ Periods
Introductory Message
For the facilitator: Welcome to the 21 st^ Century Literature from the Philippines and the World- Grade 11 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Compare and Contrast Various 21st Century Genres from the Earlier Genres/ Periods! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. Assessment This is^ a^ task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: The following are some reminders in using this module:
- Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
- Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module.
- Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
- Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
- Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
- Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Compare and Contrast Various 21st Century Genres from the Earlier Genres/ Periods. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. In this module, you will be able to
- differentiate/ compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their elements, structures and traditions. ( EN12Lit-Id- 25 ) Specifically, you are expected to:
- identify the different literary genres
- recognize the elements and structure of each genre
________6. It is a long narrative poem which tells and describes the life, achievements or events of a hero. a. epic b. fable c. myth d. legend ________ 7. It is a poem uploaded in the internet using computer screen as medium. a. textula b. tanaga c. quotes d. hyperpoetry ________8. It is telling a story with less than 1000 words to condense a story into fewest words possible. It emphasizes plot than other elements of the story. a. blog b. chick lit c. flash fiction d. hyperpoetry _______9. It is a story that tells about women, their lives, trials, tribulations, and success. a. blog b. chick lit c. flash fiction d. hyperpoetry ________10. It is an essay in a regularly updated webpage or website written in a conversational style. a. blog b. chick lit c. flash fiction d. hyperpoetry ________11. It is a story that needs a detective to solve a puzzle or scenario a. mystery b. suspense c. realistic fiction d. historical fiction
________ 12. It is a fictional love story set during a time in our past like The Death March, Edsa Revolution and World War II. a. mystery b. suspense c. realistic fiction d. historical fiction ________ 13. It is a futuristic adventure in space with robots and cyborgs as characters. a. science fiction b. realistic fiction c. historical fiction d. futuristic fiction ________ 14. It refers to a three-line poem. a. tercet b. sestet c. couplet d. quatrain ________15. It refers to a literary device that uses a part to represent the whole or vice-versa. a. simile b. metaphor c. synecdoche d. onomatopoeia
What’s New
Literature reinvents itself as it changes its form to adapt to the changing times and changing trends; especially for the young people like you. The need to express oneself gave birth to literature and humanity never got contented on their attempt to express themselves resulting to new genres like hyperpoetry , mobile textula , flash fiction , chick lit , and, blogs. Study the picture below. Do you have similar scenario in your homes? Activity 1: I Can Scribble Share how you felt after looking at the picture above by doing any of the following tasks. You can write your draft on a paper and write your final text on the space provided after each task. You may also use a separate sheet if necessary. A. Write a short poem that summarizes the idea of the picture. It must consist of 3 quatrains. Remember to use figurative language and literary devices to convey the appropriate emotion to your readers.
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B. Write a short comical skit about the use of electronic gadget based on the drawing.
C. Share a real life account or anecdote similar to the picture using less than 100 words. Be specific about the actual setting; use real characters, and tell the factual incidents.
D. Write a legend about the origin of cell phone or laptop. It must be less than 100 words and must teach a moral lesson.
What Is It
Each literature genre has distinct sub-genres, structure and elements. Study the table below: Genres and Sub-genres of Literature: Elements and Structure Genre Sub-genre Elements Structure Poetry Lyric (sonnet, ode, elegy), dramatic (soliloquy, monologue, dialogue), and narrative (epic) Rhyme, meter, figurative devices, symbolism Written in lines and stanzas 2 lines- couplet 3 lines – tercet 4 lines – quatrain 5 lines - cinquain 6 lines – sestet 7 lines - septet 8 lines - octave Fiction (stories that did not happen in reality fantasy, folklore, mystery, suspense or thriller, historical fiction, science fiction, romance plot, characters, theme setting, point-of-view, literary devices Written in paragraphs Nonfiction (factual stories, with real characters and setting) biography, references (encyclopedia, dictionary, thesaurus), autobiography, narrative (memoir, testimonio), and periodicals (newspapers, magazines, journal that are written regularly) plot, characters, theme setting, point-of-view, literary devices Written in paragraphs Drama tragedy , comedy Literary element (script), Technical element , (scenery (set),make- up, costume, lights, and sound) performance element (acting, character analysis, character motivation…) The script serves as the text and it is performed before an audience
The given genres with their elements and structures are further discussed in detail below: A. Poetry Poetry is one of the earliest genres of literature. It was either recited or sang back to prehistoric times to call for help from a deity, narrate a hero’s life and victories, tell about the love story of their rulers, or describe someone who inspires them. In order to understand or even write a good poem, you must know the elements of poetry :
- Rhyme – it is the identical rhyme if the last words or sounds match each other. alliteration : f ollowed, f lats, f ront b other, b ack assonance: b i g, sl i pper p i cked, sl i my
- Meter – it is also called the rhythm in poetry. It is the pattern of beats ( foot) (stressed and unstressed syllables in a line). It is also called foot. There are four basic rhythms in poetry: 2.1 Iamb - unstressed / stressed (buh BUH ) buh BUH/ buh BUH Today, / we live / 2.2. Trochee- stressed / unstressed (BUH buh) BUH buh BUH buh BUH buh Captain/ it’s gone/ hold it 2.3. Anapest- unstressed / unstressed / stressed. ( buh buh BUH ) buh buh BUH buh buh BUH If I cry/ If I leave/ 2.4. Dactyl- stressed / unstressed / unstressed (BUH buh buh ) BUH buh buh / BUH buh buh / BUH buh buh Carnage is / horrible / heritage 3. Imagery and Symbolism The beauty of poetry is on the carefully chosen words that rhyme and the lines and stanzas with uniform rhythm. Poetry must also employ figurative language to creatively express emotions, feeling and ideas. Here are the commonly used literary devices in poetry: Metaphor Direct comparison of two unlike things. Ex. He is a strong lion. Simile Two unlike things compared to each other using “like” or “as”. Ex. He is strong like a lion. Onomatopoeia Words that imitate a sound Ex. The gushing of wind and gnashing of teeth Alliteration The repetition of the same initial sound of the words. Ex. B e b rave, b e b oundless B eauty is a b ouquet of b lue b aby’s b reath Assonance The resemblance of a sound in words or syllable. Ex. Wh o kn o ws h o w h o ll o ws sn o re. Repetition A word, a phrase, or a sentence repeated to emphasize its importance in the entire text. Ex. Not yet Rizal, Not yet ….
Moonset at Central Park Station of St. Paul Subterranean River National Park John Iremil E. Teodoro This morning, after the faint scent of sea grasses awakened me, I followed the setting moon in the reefs flats in front of my bamboo cottage. I nearly stepped on a parrotfish that was caught by the low tide. It was as big as my slipper. I picked its slimy body and returned it to the sea. In its excitement it forgot to thank me It didn’t even bother to look back— it swam quickly away from me It dived towards the direction of the horizon where the moon was hiding. Perhaps in my next visit that parrotfish will surprise me with a greeting. It shall brag to me about its scales painted by the setting moon. *Teodoro, J. I. . Moonset at Central Park Station of St. Paul Subterranean River National Park. In N. C. Moratilla. Claiming Spaces: Understanding, Reading and Writing Creative Nonfiction (pp. 6-7). Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House.
The given poem is free-verse and unmetered. It has no rhythm but it uses alliteration, assonance, repetition, and symbolism. alliteration : f ollowed, f lats, f ront b other, b ack d ived, d irection h orizon, h iding p erhaps, p arrotfish assonance: b i g, sl i pper p i cked, sl i my b o dy, f o rg o t, t o symbols: moon - dreams to be fulfilled, fulfilled dreams, inspiration horizon - a place to find or to keep your dreams, a place which promises good fortune or good life parrotfish - a gay/ LGBTQ member because of its color
- an ungrateful person
- someone passive
- someone who has a very colourful life
- an experienced person
- a person who picks up someone else’s trash words/ lines used repeatedly: - sea, moon, parrotfish B. Fiction: Fiction is a story of make believe. It is a story made by the author’s creative imagination. It has various sub-genres like mystery, fantasy, suspense, historical fiction science fiction, realistic fiction and folklore (myths, fables, legends). To understand fiction and to write a good fictional story, you must be able to identify and understand its elements that comprise the texts’ contents and message the story wanted to impart to its readers. Now, you will read a legend that tells how a great lake was formed. It was retold by one of the writer’s former senior high school student who lived a in village near Lake Sebu.